![]() ![]() Influent chemistry is relatively constant and not characterized by large swings in incoming pH or chemistry.Influent Flow is relatively constant and not characterized by large surges in flow.In all cases we assume responsibility for the choice, size, andĬonfiguration of the system for every application.Ĭontinuous flow through systems are typically used when Highly alkaline waste water then a batch system such as ourīatchTREAT family of pH neutralization systems are a more Tend to be smaller and less costly, however, they are also lessįor more demanding applications, such as those with fluctuatingįlows or batch discharges or those characterized by highly acidic or Compared to batching systems continuous systems Relatively high flows of mildly acidic or alkaline (e.g. Generally speaking a continuous system suchįamily of wastewater neutralization systems are very well suited for manufacturers both continuous and batch waste Have no real application in industry and will be ignored here.ĭigital Analysis Corp. There is also a third, inline, however these ![]() There are two primary system designs for pH adjustment systems:Ĭontinuous and batch. A brief overview of these architectures is provided below. They are batch and continuous batch systems. There are two basic system architectures in use in industry today. The control system and the injection mechanism must be carefully thought through and well designed. The point here is that the pH adjustment process is not a linear process and does not lend itself to conventional In the case of DI water, atmospheric CO 2 mixed in with only mild surface agitation is Such as de-ionized (DI) water, this curve is nearly vertical. ![]() The steep portion of the curve, which is the area near neutral (pH 7.0) is the range that most industrial effluents must be held to. Methods for chemical addition and blending do not suffice. This means that the pH adjustment system must be capable of delivering large volumes of reagent at extremely high levels of precision. Yet at or near neutral incredibly small volumes must be added to achieve neutralization. In simple terms, very large volumes of a neutralizing agentĪre required to achieve very small results at high or low pH values. An increase of 1 pH unit requires 1/10th the amount of caustic required to achieve the previous increase.ĭescending from 7.0 to 0.0, each unit on the pH scale represents a ten fold increase in acidity. PH to 4.0, and another 0.1 ml added to raise the pH to 5.0. An additional 1 ml was added to further raise the In the above example 10 ml or NaOH was added to increase the pH from 2.0 to 3.0. A brief glance at the curve indicates that the process of pH neutralization or pH adjustment The curve above is the actual titration results of the pH Adjustment of an acid (HCl) with a beginning pH of 2.0 and an ending pH of 11.0.ĭilute Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) was used as the neutralizing agent. The titration curve shown below depicts graphically the neutralization process of HCl with NaOH as the neutralizing agent. ![]() This is not quite as simple as it may seem because of the logarithmic nature of the pH titration curve (remember the definition of pH above). It is the task of the pH adjustment system to add just the right amount of caustic to achieve the end point of the neutralization that is desired. NaCl, being very soluble in water, remains dissolved in solution, and very little or no solids are generated. In the example shown above hydrochloric acid (HCl) is neutralized with caustic (NaOH) and yields ordinary table salt (NaCl) and neutral water. This neutralization, or titration can be expressed as follows: In the case of an acid neutralization, caustic (NaOH) is added to the effluent stream to pH Neutralize the solution. The task of any pH adjustment system is to adjust the pH of the process stream into the defined acceptable discharge range. The byproducts are normally salts (which may or In very simple terms bases are used to neutralizeĪcids, while acids are used to neutralize alkalis (the termĬaustic, alkaline, alkali, or base, although not truly synonymous, are often used Measured on a scale of 0-14, solutions with a pH of less thanħ.0 are acids while solutions with a pH of greater than 7.0Īre bases. In more practical terms (although not technicallyĬorrect in all cases) pH is the measure of free acidity or free alkalinity of The information provided below is typical of theīackground information we provide in our training classes andīy definition pH is the measure of free hydrogenĪctivity in water and can be expressed as: For some this may be trivial, yet for many others Scale, and some of the chemistry involved in pH Adjustment systems A brief review of the definition of pH, the pH ![]()
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